HPV-Condyloma

The HPV virus stands respond to human papilloma virus. They are a group of more than 100 viruses, and differ according to the type of surface that affect some affect to skin and other mucous membranes. Some of them produce common warts of the hands and feet. These are distinct from those that produce alterations in the genital area. Among the viruses that affect the genital mucosa are associated with high risk of cancer and are at low risk.The importance of this lies in the virus that is necessary for infection is present cervical cancer.

It’s the sexually transmitted virus more common and it is estimated that between 70-80% of sexually active people will be in contact with genital HPV at some time in their lives. It is an infection that affects both men and women, and half of those infected are teenagers or young sexually active.

The high-risk virus may be associated with invasive cancers of the cervix, vulva, penis or anus. Most common among high risk are 16 and 18. The low risk of causing low-grade benign lesions or warts but are rarely associated with cancerous lesions. The HPV 6 and 11 are the most frequently associated with genital warts.The virus is spread by skin to skin contact and easier in relations with penetration, but this is not necessary for infection.

Risk factors for women to get HPV are:

• Young Age
• Multiple sex partners
• Early sexual debut
• Male partner with multiple sexual partners.

Most HPV infections go unnoticed because they are transient and asymptomatic. 70% of women with HPV infections have negative cultures after one year and 91% after two years of infection.

The body’s natural immune response is that in most cases eliminates the virus by itself, and therefore it will be a contamination to be solved naturally. But in some cases the virus can remain dormant in an undetectable and reactivate years later. So when the infection is detected we can not know when the virus was acquired.

Cervical cancer is not hereditary, but require the HPV infection to develop. But only a small percentage of women infected with HPV will end up with cervical cancer. It produced a tumor from the malignant transformation of cells from the cervix and is the second most common cancer in women aged 15 to 44 worldwide. The time between HPV infection and cancer development is lengthy (usually between 10 and 15 years) and in this period it is possible to easily identify premalignant lesions that can be treated. It is very important to understand that the fact that an HPV appears in cytology or culture does not imply the occurrence of cancer and in many cases should not be any entry aggressive treatment. There is no treatment of the virus but which appear in case of precursor lesions of malignancy treatment is performed in anticipation of possible cancer.

The main risk factors for cancer of the cervix after an HPV infection are:

• No periodic revisions gynecologic cytology. It is the most important risk factor for invasive cancer present cervix.
• Immunosuppression. Women who have a disorder of immunity, whether acquired, infections such as HIV, or medication.
• Women smokers. Smoking has been associated with the persistence of HPV infection and the risk of developing cancer.

Against this must be stressed conducting periodic cytology for detection of precursor lesions and its treatment before the cancer spread. For HPV detection tests used indolent cellular material obtained in the same manner as is done cytology. The lab is able to determine the presence of HPV high risk of developing cancer, but will not indicate the duration of the infection and the prognosis of the injury.

An estimated 10% of the population will at some point condylomata life. Genital warts are soft lumps, warty appearance that appear on the external genitalia.May occur singly or in clusters and usually appear on the lips, vagina or more rarely in the cervix or in the perianal area. In males are usually on the penis and scrotum and in those with homosexual relations may appear in the perianal area. They can also produce flat tumors in the cervix or in the genital area.

They can appear weeks or months after infection. No more hassles usually give the appearance of the lesion but occasionally may be accompanied by itching or pain. Diagnosis of warts is visual even if doubts can be biopsied. Without treatment some may go away on their own, remain stable or increase in size and number.The goal of treatment is the disappearance of warts basically cosmetic reasons.

Recommended treatments can be applied for the same patient in the form of creams or the doctor may use cryotherapy, some chemicals or surgical excision with scissors, laser or curettage. Treatment of lesions removed but does not eliminate the virus so that the reappearance of the lesions is very possible. Neither the presence of genital warts or their treatment is associated with the development of cervical cancer in the absence of other concomitant infection of high risk HPV.